Absolute advantage refers to a situation where one country can produce a good or service using fewer resources, such as labor, capital, or technology, compared to another country. In other words, a country has an absolute advantage when it can produce more output with the same amount of inputs or produce the same output with fewer inputs as compared to its trading partners. This efficiency allows the country to produce goods and services at lower costs, leading to potential cost savings and increased competitiveness in international markets. In the realm of economics, the concepts of relative advantage and absolute advantage are fundamental in analyzing the dynamics of international trade and specialization. These concepts were first introduced by the 18th-century economist Adam Smith in his seminal work, “The Wealth of Nations.” Both relative and absolute advantage play a crucial role in shaping the patterns of global trade and influencing how countries allocate their resources. Absolute advantage refers to a situation where one country can produce a good or service using fewer resources, such as labor, capital, or technology, compared to another country. In other words, a